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Christian Living: Finances and Our Lives

8/27/2014

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Money is a major stumbling block for much of the world. Some never feel like they have enough of it and are always having difficulties with budgeting properly and spending on things they don't need. Still others seem like they have plenty, and yet their hearts are in bondage to the idea of accumulating more and more. There are even those who genuinely have plenty of money, but they place so much value and security in the idea of it that it has become a secret idol in their lives. While this is a very full topic that is not at all simple to deal with, today I hope to shed a small amount of light on what the Bible has to say about our finances.

The world for the most part makes finances a sort of high score to life. Those who are truly successful are able to accumulate great wealth in their lives. The entire structure of our society is built around the idea of amassing great wealth. If you consider college and the majors that people focus upon, they are often centered around the idea of success. That success is nearly always defined in some terms as accumulating wealth. We sign up for majors and complete degrees that will get us good jobs so that we can have money. I am convinced that many end up pursuing careers that they are not made for simply because the career affords the opportunity of financial stability and wealth.

While the world has developed such an idea of financial gain, what about God's people? Unfortunately many people in the church visible have a very similar mindset or attitude. There are those who look no different from these that we have described in their pursuit for money and wealth. Still others have taken the pursuit a step further and preach a "prosperity" gospel that affirms God's desire for all of us to be prosperous and wealthy. Where can we find clarity and help on this issue in such a confusing world? God's Word is truly a light for our path.

The biblical emphasis for Christians in regards to their finances is contentment. This is something that people can wrestle with regardless of how many funds they actually possess. Rich people can be consumed with accumulating more wealth, and poor people can be obsessed with the idea of what they would do if they had more wealth. 1 Timothy 6 has great insight into this idea:
If anyone teaches a different doctrine and does not agree with the sound words of our Lord Jesus Christ and the teaching that accords with godliness, he is puffed up with conceit and understands nothing. He has an unhealthy craving for controversy and for quarrels about words, which produce envy, dissension, slander, evil suspicions, and constant friction among people who are depraved in mind and deprived of the truth, imagining that godliness is a means of gain. But godliness with contentment is great gain, for we brought nothing into the world, and we cannot take anything out of the world. But if we have food and clothing, with these we will be content. -1 Tim 6:3-8
Here Paul's truth has a few things for us. First note the association of false teachers with the concept that godliness is a means of financial gain. This rebuke comes directly against the prosperity preachers of our day. Those who use the church and the Bible as a means to try and promote their financial gain are described by Paul here as false teachers. We should reject their ideas and promotion as worldly pursuit and vanity.

Note also that Paul emphasizes one main point for us to combat this perspective: contentment. First, in verse 6 he describes what is truly a great gain for the believer. It is not those who have accumulated wealth who have gained much, but rather those who have attained godliness mixed with contentment. What does this look like? Jesus mentioned this in other places as well, but ultimately it looks like seeking God's kingdom first in your life. Jesus speaks to this idea in Matt 6 when he emphasizes that we should not be worried about finances or our futures. Rather Jesus emphasizes that our first task and responsibility is to seek God's kingdom first, and then God will see to it that our needs are provided for.

You see, money is not an end, it is simply a means to an end. When it is used in this fashion, as a tool, then it has taken its proper place in our lives. Money is not something that should be pursued, instead we should pursue God's kingdom. If you are caught up in the pursuit of personal holiness and the calling of people into God's kingdom, then we will have enough money for what we need, because God will provide it for us.

One ultimate truth can protect you from the love of money: All money is God's money. Every single dollar, quarter and penny on the face of the earth belongs to the Lord Jesus Christ. He distributes the wealth as he sees fit, some money is given to the godly, and it is used for his glory and good. Still other money is given to the ungodly for their lives and needs. He shows no partiality in that respect. However, sometimes great wealth is given to the ungodly. This can actually be a form of God's judgment on wicked and sinful mankind. How? Because there is a sense in which this wealth can be a "handing over" (see Rom 1:24-28 ) of God to the lusts and passions of unbelievers' lives and they can be consumed with their finances. For these people their wealth is a stumbling block to them that keeps them from God, and it will be to their great condemnation.

Beloved, do not buy into the lie of the world. Money and wealth is not an end, it is simply the means to an end. Seek God and his kingdom and all of your needs will be provided for you. These needs often will be provided through the work of your hands and the sweat of your brow. God's provision does not absolve you of the responsibility to be faithful. However, you don't have to spend all of your efforts and mind worrying about how you are going to make ends meet. Pursue God and work hard, and he will provide for you. Remember the snare of the love of money, and diligently keep watch over your heart. Be content, and it will go well for you.

"He who loves money will not be satisfied with money, nor he who loves wealth with his income; this also is vanity." -Ecc 5:10

-tanner

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Recommended Resource: For the Love of God by D. A. Carson

8/26/2014

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I have been a critic of the idea of a "quiet time" in the past. It's not, that I don't think we should spend time with God, but rather the idea of reducing our time with god to an item on our checklist, that gets to me. That said, I think properly implemented the concept can be a great one.

One thing that helped to facilitate a proper "quiet time" for me was getting a good devotional to go along with my reading. This served to focus my thoughts, and help clarify some of the more difficult passages I was reading. While there are many such resources on the market, this morning I want to highlight one in particular: For the Love of God by D. A. Carson.

On of the nice things about Carson's devotional is that it follows the Bible reading plan of Robert Murray M'Cheyne. This plan has you reading about 4 chapters a day, and gets you through the New Testament and Psalms twice in a year and the Old Testament once. This feels about right in terms of a manageable reading plan each day, and allows you to dig a bit deeper if you desire.

Another thing that I love are Carson's comments. He is extremely insightful without being too long-winded. He helps bring clarity and understanding to particularly difficult sections as well. I found him indispensable as I read through some of the prophets. D. A. Carson strikes an excellent balance between intellectual insight and pastoral care, and his devotional is no different.

Finally, note that Carson currently has two volumes out of this resource. Used in tandem, you can get Carson's insight on two of the chapters of Scripture you read each day. If you find that to be a bit much, then you can always save the second volume for the second year you choose to read, gaining fresh wisdom the second time through. Overall, I recommend this resource highly. I'll leave you with a bit of Carson's words from the preface to volume one.
This book, the first of two volumes, is for Christians who want to read the Bible, who want to read all the Bible.

The challenge has become increasingly severe in recent years, owing to several factors. All of us must confront the regular sins of laziness or lack of discipline, sins of the flesh, and of the pride of life. But there are additional pressures. The sheer pace of life affords us many excuses for sacrificing the important on the altar of the urgent. The constant sensory input from all sides is gently addictive—we become used to being entertained and diverted, and it is difficult to carve out the space and silence necessary for serious and thoughtful reading of Scripture. More seriously yet, the rising biblical illiteracy in Western culture means that the Bible is increasingly a closed book, even to many Christians. As the culture drifts away from its former rootedness in a Judeo-Christian understanding of God, history, truth, right and wrong, purpose, judgment, forgiveness, and community, so the Bible seems stranger and stranger. For precisely the same reason, it becomes all the more urgent to read it and reread it, so that at least confessing Christians preserve the heritage and outlook of a mind shaped and informed by holy Scripture.1

-tanner

1
D. A. Carson, For the Love of God: a Daily Companion for Discovering the Riches of God’s Word., vol. 1 (Wheaton, IL: Crossway Books, 1998), ix-x.
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Theology: Soli Deo Gloria and Its Relations

8/25/2014

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The five solas of the protestant reformation form a unified basis for a consistently Christian worldview. They act as a sort of cohesive set of first principles that ground our faith on solid bedrock. However, there is one sola that throws radiant light upon all of the others: Soli Deo Gloria.

To bring anyone up to speed who may be rusty on their Protestant history, there are five solas that marked the Reformation. They are:

Sola Scripture - Scripture Alone
Solus Christus - Christ Alone
Sola Gratia - Grace Alone
Sola Fide - Faith Alone
Soli Deo Gloria - Glory of God Alone

Together they form a common confession: We are saved by grace alone, through faith alone, by Christ alone according to the Scriptures alone, to the glory of God alone.

All 5 Solas of the Protestant Reformation are intertwined. None of these doctrines stands alone as though it were in a vacuum. Each Sola both relies upon and informs the other 4 in order to establish a strong matrix of truth. Soli Deo Gloria in particular speaks to the big picture of all the other Solas, tying them together and answering the big “why?” questions of our lives.

Soli Deo Gloria and Sola Scriptura combined speak to why we believe what we do, or our epistemology. Soli Deo Gloria relies on Sola Scriptura for the authority of the doctrine itself. Indeed if it were not for Sola Scriptura, we would not know that all things were Soli Deo Gloria. It is from the Bible that this truth is explicitly revealed to us. Soli Deo Gloria informs Sola Scriptura by establishing the reason for which the Bible is our only infallible rule of faith and practice. If all things are for God’s glory, then we ought to honor and observe every Word that he speaks to us. In contrast, we ought not to ascribe that same honor and that same authority to those commands which do not proceed forth to us from God himself; thus establishing our principle of nothing more and nothing less than God’s Word.

Soli Deo Gloria and Solus Christus combined speak to why we are saved, or our soteriology. Soli Deo Gloria relies upon Solus Christus to establish the fact that Christ alone functions as our savior and that his sacrifice need not be supplemented. If there were another savior or the savior’s sacrifice needed supplements to be effectual, then those additions ought to be rendered some glory for their part in the process. This relationship also heavily implies the deity of Christ, as it can be deduced that the savior himself ought to be given glory for his sacrifice. Soli Deo Gloria informs Solus Christus by establishing the ultimate end for the atonement itself. God ordains and accomplishes the atonement primarily to manifest his glory. In the work of the cross God is glorified by maintaining his perfect justice while simultaneously being merciful to sinners. This is in addition to the glory God receives for formulating the plan of salvation and then realizing that plan by taking his wrath upon himself.

Soli Deo Gloria and Sola Gratia combined speak to the positive aspect of our salvation, or why salvation is all of God. Soli Deo Gloria relies upon Sola Gratia to establish the grounds upon which we are saved. Specifically, salvation is grounded entirely in God’s unrestricted favor. God receives all the glory in the act of salvation because it is his free gift. If salvation were in some sense necessitated God would not receive glory for being gracious, as the atonement would simply be what ought to have been done. Instead Sola Gratia calls for ascribing glory to God in a supreme way as He has gone above and beyond the “call of duty.” Soli Deo Gloria informs Sola Gratia by giving the reason that salvation is a free gift. God specifically structured salvation so that it was all of him to the end that he would receive all the glory for its accomplishment.

Soli Deo Gloria and Sola Fide combined speak to the negative aspect of our salvation, or why salvation is none of man. Soli Deo Gloria relies upon Sola Fide to assert man’s utter lack of contribution to his own salvation. Salvation is all of faith and none of works. Further, Sola Fide offers the reason for which this can indeed be the case, in particular an alien righteousness. If righteousness is not our own, and acquiring salvation is done through the empty hand of faith, then man has nothing to offer. Soli Deo Gloria informs Sola Fide by again reasoning why God has made this to be the case. Man has been particularly excluded from contribution in order that God might receive all the glory. If man had some contribution then he would have some grounds to boast in, and therefore a reason to receive some glory. Sola Fide strips man of all grounds of boasting and consequently all basis to glory in himself.

While there is certainly some unique truth in each of the Solas, they enjoy substantial overlap. This overlap is what makes them a strong and unified system of truth. Instead of loose and fragmented doctrines, we have in the Solas a central idea and motive. Soli Deo Gloria gives the other Solas purpose and direction so that indeed all things may be to the glory of God.

-tanner
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Church History: God's Truth Prevails

8/24/2014

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Sometimes I can be a bit of a pessimist, always focusing on what's wrong in the world and in our churches. I don't mean to be this way all of the time, but I just see so much error and confusion that something makes me want to correct all of it. I was reading an old interview of Wayne Grudem, and I was greatly encouraged by his perspective on how the Church of God receives truth and accepts it over time.

The interview was done in 2006, and at the time, Grudem was writing heavily about the egalitarian and feminist movements in the churches. I don't want to debate that particular issue right now. Instead, something that drew my attention was his faith that God's people eventually are convinced of his truth and structure their lives by it. You see, liberal theology has been attacking the church seemingly since its foundation. Yet throughout history, the efforts of faithful men have proven victorious in calling the church to stand firm on each and every issue. God's Truth Prevails. Listen to what Grudem had to say:
Yes, I have great confidence that this issue will eventually be resolved, and that the vast majority of God’s people who take the Bible as the Word of God will adopt and practice a complementarian position, and will put it in their statements of faith. I am thankful that out of this controversy has come a greater appreciation for women’s gifts and wisdom, and a greater openness to many more ministries for women, but the church will still, by and large, be complementarian until Christ returns. Jesus Christ has not given up on His church, and He has not abandoned it. He is still building His church, and He is purifying it, “so that He might present the church to Himself in splendor, without spot or wrinkle or any such thing, that she might be holy and without blemish.”1
Again, I don't want to debate Grudem's stance on Egalitarianism vs Complementarianism in this post. Suffice it to say that Grudem believes when churches accept egalitarian positions, they have capitulated to the society and culture rather than following the Word of God. He believes that this movement allows liberal theology to sneak into the church and do damage. He believes that this is a fundamental issue that the church must deal with in the same way that I believe homosexuality is a fundamental issue for us today.

What I do want to focus on is this: God's Truth Prevails. So many times in church history we see the same liberal (speaking theologically here) attacks come at us over and over again. What prominence do those positions hold any longer? By and large those movements have become irrelevant and obsolete. Our labors have not been in vain, and they will not be in vain. Jesus said "My sheep hear my voice, and I know them, and they follow me." Jesus' sheep recognize his voice and truth and they will follow him. It is a refreshing and encouraging thought. Grudem continues:
There have been many doctrinal controversies in the history of the church, and God in His providence always eventually guides the vast majority of the people who sincerely believe the Bible to the right conclusion. Then those who hold the wrong position eventually are marginalized, their churches lose God’s blessing, and they then decline or even close. It will be that way in this controversy as well, although it may take some time, and before it is resolved many churches will adopt a feminist position, to the detriment of many marriages and ministries along the way. (I was just told last week of a complementarian church in a major American city that hired an egalitarian pastor; [they] gave in to his demands that all church offices be open to women, and he took the church from 2500 people on Sunday to under 400 today. I think we will see that more and more, though there will be temporary exceptions from time to time.)2
Sometimes the media and the cultural climate that I gather from it has me so discouraged. It seems as though the society is just feeding lies and the church has capitulated to many of them. However, there truly is no reason to be discouraged. When Elijah thought that he was the only one left who trusted in and followed God, God's response was  a sharp rebuke:
Do you not know what the Scripture says of Elijah, how he appeals to God against Israel? "Lord, they have killed your prophets, they have demolished your altars, and I alone am left, and they seek my life.” But what is God’s reply to him? “I have kept for myself seven thousand men who have not bowed the knee to Baal.”  Rom 11:2-4
God is building his church, even when we don't see it. Christ's bride is lovely and faithful to him, even though they may appear scattered and dwindling. May we continue to fight for God's truth in a contrary world knowing our labor is not in vain. What's more, may we fight with the hope and faith that God's people will be encouraged and edified by his truth. He who has ears to hear, let him hear. We don't have to concern ourselves so much about those who do not have ears to hear. Jesus preached his truths directly into a contrary culture. Sure, some rejected and reviled him. Jesus didn't have to concern himself so much with that however. God still built his church and raised up his people. God's Truth Prevails.

-tanner

1
Grudem, Wayne. "INTERVIEW – Wayne Grudem, Part Eight – What Does the Future Hold for the Church?" patheos.com. http://www.patheos.com/blogs/adrianwarnock/2006/12/interview-wayne-grudem-part-eight-what-does-the-future-hold-for-the-church/(accessed 8/24/14).
2 Ibid.
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Devotional Thoughts: Trusting in God through Despair

8/23/2014

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April 7th, 1872 at the Metropolitan Tabernacle, Charles Spurgeon stands to preach. His text is Matthew 27:46.
Jesus cried out with a loud voice, saying, “Eli, Eli, lema sabachthani?” that is, “My God, my God, why have you forsaken me?”
Spurgeon spent the first portion of the sermon describing how we are unfit to preach upon these words. If any of us had been at the cross when our Savior lifted up these words, they would forever echo in our ears. Preaching on them would be too painful a recollection to bear.

Spurgeon said that it should be the same case for each of us, and we should not preach upon these words. However, he then dials in on how he will deal with the text.
You must know that the words of our text are not only the language of Christ, but they are the language of David. You who are acquainted with the Psalms know that the 22nd Psalm begins with just these words, so that David said what Jesus said; and I gather from this that many a child of God has had to say precisely what the Lord Jesus, the first-born of the family, uttered upon the cross. Now as God’s children are brought into the same circumstances as Christ, and Christ is considered the exemplar, my object to-night will be simply this—not to expound the words, but to say to believers who come into a similar plight, Do as Jesus did. If you come into his condition, lift up your hearts to God, that you may act as he did in that condition. So we shall make the Saviour now not a study for our learning, but an example for reproduction.1
So Christ as our elder brother and perfect example gives us insight on how we should respond to God when we are in despair. Spurgeon gave 6 ways that we are to imitate Christ in our trials. I only want to focus on 3 of them.
I. UNDER DESERTION OF SOUL, THE LORD JESUS STILL TURNS TO GOD.

Now observe our Lord. He is deserted of God, but instead of looking in, and saying, “My soul, why art thou this? Why art thou that? Why art thou cast down? Why dost thou mourn?” he looks straight away from that dried-up well that is within, to those eternal waters that never can be stayed, and which are always full of refreshment. He cries, “My God.” He knows which way to look, and I say to every Christian here, it is a temptation of the devil, when you are desponding, and when you are not enjoying your religion as you did, to begin peering and searching about in the dunghill of your own corruptions, and stirring over all that you are feeling, and all you ought to feel, and all you do not feel, and all that. Instead of that, look from within, look above, look to your God again, for the light will come there.2
When I am struggling in my faith and God seems distant to me, my natural reaction is to run far from God. "He must be angry with me," I reason. "He does not want me to approach him in this state." But these are lies that spring from a heart still set upon saving myself. Whatever it is we need. Whatever the reason for our affliction, the answer is held in the hands of our loving God.
II. THOUGH UNDER A SENSE OF DESERTION, OUR MASTER DOES NOT RELAX HIS HOLD OF HIS GOD.

He believes that God is still his God. He uses the possessive particle twice, “My God, my God.”
Now it is easy to believe that God is ours when he smiles upon us, and when we have the sweet fellowship of his love in our hearts; but the point for faith to attend to, is to hold to God when he gives the hard words, when his providence frowns upon thee, and when even his Spirit seems to be withdrawn from thee. Oh! let go everything, but let not go thy God. If the ship be tossed and ready to sink, and the tempest rages exceedingly, cast out the ingots, let the gold go, throw out the wheat, as Paul’s companions did. Let even necessaries go, but oh! still hold to thy God; give not up thy God; say still, notwithstanding all, “In the teeth of all my feelings, doubts, and suspicions, I hold him yet; he is my God; I will not let him go.” . . .

. . . Now I would like to put this personally to any tried child of God here. Are you going to let go your God because you have lost his smile? Then I ask you, Did you base your faith upon his smile? for if you did, you mistook the true ground of faith. The ground of a believer’s confidence is not God’s smile, but God’s promise. It is not his temporary sunshine of his love, but his deep eternal love itself, as it reveals itself in the covenant and in the promises. Now the present smile of God may go, but God’s promise does not go; and if you believe upon God’s promise, that is just as true when God frowns as when he smiles.3
Faith's true object is the promise of the immutable God. How many professing believers have abandoned the faith because their feelings or emotions no longer resonated with God's voice? They could no longer feel God's nearness nor sense God's presence and so they left. I say they gave up too quickly. The true heart of faith presses on through the seaming abandonment and desertion. The true heart of faith knows that God is true even when I cannot feel him. God is near even when he feels far. How do we know these things? Because we believe the God who promised them, and that is what faith truly looks like.
IV. OUR LORD, WHEN HE DOES CRY, CRIES WITH THE ENQUIRING VOICE OF A LOVING CHILD.

“I have forsaken thee, my child, because thou hast forsaken me. Thou hast grown cold of heart by slow degrees; grey hairs have come upon thee, and thou didst not know; and I have made thee know it to make thee see thy backsliding, and sorrowfully repent of it.” Sometimes the answer will be, “My child, I have forsaken thee because thou hast set up an idol in thy heart. Thou lovest thy child too much, thy gold too much, thy trade too much; and I cannot come into thy soul unless I am thy Lord, thy love, thy bridegroom, and thy all.” Oh! we shall be glad to know these answers . . .

. . . Sometimes the Lord’s answer will be, “My child, I have gone from thee for a little to try thee, to see if thou lovest me.” A true lover will love on under frowns. It is only the superficial professor that wants sweetmeats every day, and only loves his God for what he gets out of him; but the genuine believer loves him when he smites him, when he bruises him with the bruises of a cruel one. Why, then we will say, “O God, if this is why thou dost forsake us, we will love thee still, and prove to thee that thy grace has made our souls to hunger and thirst for thee.” Depend upon it, the best way to get away from trouble, or to get great help under it, is to run close in to God.
. . .

. . . Now, beloved, we shall have an answer to our question something like that. When we get to heaven, perhaps not until then, God will tell us why he forsook us. When I tossed upon my bed three months ago in weary pain that robbed me of my night’s rest, and my day’s rest too, I asked why it was I was there, but I have realised since the reason, for God helped me afterwards so to preach that many souls were ingathered. Often you will find that God deserts you that he may be with you after a nobler sort—hides the light, that afterwards the light of seven suns at once may break in upon your spirit, and there you shall learn that it was for his glory that he left you, for his glory that he tried your faith. Only mind you stand to that. Still cry to him, and still call him God, and never complain, but ask him why, and pursue his work still under all difficulties; so being like Christ on earth, you shall be like Christ above, as to the answer.4
How often has my pain and despair been self-inflicted? God loves his children too much to allow them to wallow in their own misery and idolatry. He will crush our fingers that cling so tightly to our idols until we cast them far from ourselves. However, even when my pain does not seem self inflicted it is still no reason to abandon God. Even though our lot my be a crooked one, we press on in faith knowing that God has for us the greater good. Sometimes we cannot see how God used our affliction for good until we view it from the calm and serene balcony of the future. Perhaps that repose will not be found for you this side of heaven. Even so, the true heart of faith presses on to God, trusting in his promises.

God never actually told Job why he allowed so much affliction to come upon him. Instead, God revealed his glory
to him, and that was sufficient for Job to put his hand over his mouth. We will all one day see God, and we will not walk away from his presence confused about what he has done and allowed. Every tongue will confess that the Lord of all the earth has done what is right. The question is if we will confess it from a heart that trusts in that God, or rejects him. Spurgeon leaves us with a final exhortation:
I cannot sit down without saying just this word. God will never forsake his people for ever. But as many of you as are not his people, if you have not believed in him, he will forsake you for ever, and for ever, and for ever; and if you ask, “Why hast thou forsaken me?” you will get your answer in the echo of your words, “Thou hast forsaken me.” “How shall ye escape if ye neglect so great salvation?” “Believe in the Lord Jesus Christ, and thou shalt be saved.”

      “But if your ears refuse
         The language of his grace,
      And hearts grow hard like stubborn Jews,
         That unbelieving race;
      The Lord in vengeance drest
         Shall lift his hand and swear,
      ‘You that despised my promised rest
         Shall have no portion there.’ ”

God grant it may never be so with you, for Christ’s sake. Amen.5

-tanner

1 C. H. Spurgeon, The Metropolitan Tabernacle Pulpit Sermons, vol. 62 (London: Passmore & Alabaster, 1916), 170–171.
2 Ibid, 171.
3 Ibid, 172-173.
4 Ibid, 175-176, 178-179.
5 Ibid, 179.

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Homosexuality: Understanding Leviticus in its Context

8/22/2014

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There are several texts in the Bible that speak out against homosexuality. It is a sad day that we live in when these texts are dismissed as irrelevant or not socially forward enough to be useful any longer. Additionally, many professing believers who have capitulated to the modern position on this subject have sought ways to reinterpret and rethink how we should go about viewing these texts. It is my assertion that these teachers have ulterior motives for their interpretation and do not handle the Word of God correctly. In light of that, I would like to spend several posts exegetically dealing with each relevant text so that we get a better understanding of how the texts should be understood.

A couple of caveats again, as I state always before we deal with this subject. The church has traditionally been woefully inadequate in their treatment of this topic in terms of providing meaningful help and guidance. It is my belief that many Christians who want to honor God with their lives have previously been made to feel weird or awkward about dealing with this issue and as such have received little to no help. We are quite late as the body of Christ addressing this topic as it should be addressed, with love and compassion. Secondly, if I interpret the Bible correctly, homosexuality is a sin; but not any more or any worse of a sin than many others. Heterosexual adultery and fornication are just as much major issues, and yet some have gone out of their ways to rail against homosexuality to the exclusion of all other sins. Again, this is irresponsible and as well as inconsistent with the biblical data. Additionally, it does damage to the lives of others. Thirdly, I don't particularly enjoy addressing this topic. I wish we didn't have to fight about these issues or spend so much time discussing them. I would prefer to speak of other things, "about our common salvation," however this is certainly the defining issue of our age, and we would be lax in our duties if we did not deal with it fairly and appropriately. Finally, as I hope to keep driving at with these posts, where you land on this topic is ultimately going to be determined by how highly you value Scripture, and if you are determined to interpret it correctly, as God has given it.

Scripture has been used in illegitimate ways all throughout history, and our day is no different. If you approach the Bible with a preconceived notion or idea about what it says or ought to say, you can mostly find support for your position. Additionally, if you deal with texts in isolation from one another and seek to reinterpret them according to your perspective, you can mostly make the text say whatever you want it to. The Scriptures ought to be taken as a collective whole and additionally ought to be taken on their own terms. One who genuinely comes to the Scriptures with a submissive heart that desires to know what God has to say on any given topic and conform their lives to that truth will find the Bible to be a treasure trove of divine wisdom. However, those who seek simply to reaffirm their preconceived stance will shape the Bible as a wax nose to support whatever position they see fit.

In light of these facts, faithful Bible interpretation is roughly a two step process. First, we attempt to discover what the author intended to communicate to his audience in their original context. Secondly, we seek to pull the principle out of that teaching and apply it in whatever way is most faithful to out current situation. This fact is important. It is the principle that we are after for our own lives. However, we can only get at that principle by going through the texts themselves. Sometimes the principle that is applied to our current situation is very near to the original audience's principle. Sometimes however, that principle is vastly different. It all depends upon the purpose and original context and its relationship to our context today. Please realize that this hermeneutic principle approaches the text on its own terms. It allows the text to say whatever it wants to say first, and then seeks to understand how that may apply to our lives. This is not some idea that we have cooked up in order to try and get around or pick and choose our way through Scripture. This is how any and every book should be read. We should always strive to discover the author's original intent and meaning.

Given all of this background, I want to deal with two of the most clear biblical texts on the topic of homosexuality, Lev 18:22 and 20:13:

You shall not lie with a male as with a woman; it is an abomination.

If a man lies with a male as with a woman, both of them have committed an abomination; they shall surely be put to death; their blood is upon them.
These texts seems pretty straightforward at first blush, and they really are when we boil it down. However, we want to make sure we deal with them faithfully so I want to take the time to address them. Because the texts are so clear, do we ever see people objecting to these text directly? No. People typically deal with many of the New Testament texts in a direct manner. They claim that we aren't sure what a certain word means, or that it isn't clear that the homosexuality in the New Testament context is at all similar to the homosexuality in our day. We will deal with these issues in time. However, these texts in Leviticus are so clear that they hardly ever receive attacks like that. Instead the way that these texts are often attacked is by attacking the entire book of Leviticus. The response you will hear 9 times out of 10 is roughly as follows: "Oh yea, why are you wearing a shirt made out of two different fibers, or shaving your beard? You can't just pick and choose which Old Testament laws you want to keep, you have to be consistent!" You may have heard of a letter to Dr. Laura on this topic. It has been out for some time and it is very well written. I had to read it in one of my Core Humanities classes in college:
Dear Dr. Laura,

Thank you for doing so much to educate people regarding God's Law. I have learned a great deal from your show, and I try to share that knowledge with as many people as I can. When someone tries to defend the homosexual lifestyle, for example, I simply remind him that Leviticus 18:22 clearly states it to be an abomination. End of debate.

I do need some advice from you, however, regarding some of the specific laws and how to best follow them.

a) When I burn a bull on the altar as a sacrifice, I know it creates a pleasing odor for the Lord (Lev 1:9). The problem is my neighbors. They claim the odor is not pleasing to them. Should I smite them?

b) I would like to sell my daughter into slavery, as sanctioned in Exodus 21:7. In this day and age, what do you think would be a fair price for her?

c) I know that I am allowed no contact with a woman while she is in her period of menstrual uncleanliness (Lev 15:19-24). The problem is, how do I tell? I have tried asking, but most women take offense.

d) Lev. 25:44 states that I may indeed possess slaves, both male and female, provided they are purchased from neighboring nations. A friend of mine claims that this applies to Mexicans, but not Canadians. Can you clarify? Why can't I own Canadians?

e) I have a neighbor who insists on working on the Sabbath. Exodus 35:2 clearly states he should be put to death. Am I morally obligated to kill him myself?

f) A friend of mine feels that even though eating shellfish is an Abomination (Lev 11:10), it is a lesser abomination than homosexuality. I don't agree. Can you settle this?

g) Lev 21:20 states that I may not approach the altar of God if I have a defect in my sight. I have to admit that I wear reading glasses. Does my vision have to be 20/20, or is there some wiggle room here?

h) Most of my male friends get their hair trimmed, including the hair around their temples, even though this is expressly forbidden by Lev 19:27. How should they die?

i) I know from Lev 11:6-8 that touching the skin of a dead pig makes me unclean, but may I still play football if I wear gloves?

j) My uncle has a farm. He violates Lev 19:19 by planting two different crops in the same field, as does his wife by wearing garments made of two different kinds of thread (cotton/polyester blend). He also tends to curse and blaspheme a lot. Is it really necessary that we go to all the trouble of getting the whole town together to stone them? (Lev 24:10-16) Couldn't we just burn them to death at a private family affair like we do with people who sleep with their in-laws? (Lev. 20:14)

I know you have studied these things extensively, so I am confident you can help.

Thank you again for reminding us that God's word is eternal and unchanging.

Your devoted disciple and adoring fan.
I believe that an episode of the West Wing also used nearly this exact form of argumentation. What is the heart of this argument? Again, it's to attack the entire book of Leviticus. This argument is really just an attempt to capitalize on the fact that most Christians don't understand well enough how their Old Testament Bible and laws fit into the New Testament gospel perspective. I hope to address that very issue.

The book of Leviticus is full of laws. This section of Scripture is often called the "Holiness Code," as it deals primarily with how Israel is supposed to remain pure before a holy God. Remember that the proper way to interpret any biblical text is by pulling out the meaning that was intended to the original audience, seeing the principle at work underneath all of it, and then applying that principle to modern times. To understand how to do that correctly requires a broader understanding of the biblical themes of who God's people are and how they are to live before him.

This topic has many more intricacies and complexities than we have time to deal with here. However I will give some general principles to set you on the right path of understanding. We ought not to be afraid of the book of Leviticus. It has much that is relevant for us today. However, we need to know how to deal with it correctly. In general realize this: the New Testament Church is the spiritual manifestation of Old Testament Israel. This isn't replacement theology, this is theology consistent with Paul's argumentation in Romans that says Israel is not primarily physical, but faith based, and that Gentiles are now grafted into the tree of Israel. What this means is that laws that are to be kept in a physical manner in the Old Testament often have a spiritual application in the New Testament. Every law that required someone to be stoned in the Old Testament, generally would require excommunication from the church in the New Testament for example. This understanding presupposes that said behavior is sinful in both testaments. So Old Testament laws all still apply, just many of them apply in new ways.

How do we distinguish how each of the laws apply to us? This is the heart of the Christian's faithful study of the book of Leviticus. However, a simple distinction makes the entire task much easier. Generally there are three types of laws in Leviticus.

First, there are general moral laws that Israel is supposed to keep. These laws have the most direct application to God's people because these are the standards God generally requires his people to conduct themselves by. The principle behind moral laws is generally the law itself. Interestingly enough, there is some biblical evidence that God also requires Gentile nations to keep these as well, and punishes them when they do not. They have consciences that reveal these standards to them. The Ten Commandments are pretty typical examples of laws that fall into this category.

Additionally, there are civil laws. Remember that Israel was a nation of people and they had a governmental system that God established for them. These laws are to be kept by Israel in their time as part of their civil society. It is important to recognize that these laws are given in the context of how people in a theocratic society are to conduct themselves. They are primarily meant to communicate how judges should view case laws. Sometimes these laws make sense for us today, but more often than not they simply give good principles and insight into what is just and fair. Various laws regarding property and ox goring fall into this category. While the principle applies, often the exact law is irrelevant to us. We don't eat and socialize on our rooftops any longer, so we aren't required to place handrails on it to prevent someone from falling off. However we do have pools at our homes, and it would be quite negligent if a family did not install fencing to keep young children from falling in. This is a perfectly consistent application of Deuteronomy 22:8, and it faithfully deals with the text's principle.

Finally, there are ceremonial laws. Many of these laws have to do with things that are made ceremonially clean or unclean based upon violating these laws. Quite a few if not all of these laws have been explicitly repealed, as Christ is the perfect fulfillment of the entire Old Testament ceremonial system. Laws in this category include just about everything relating to Levites, weird prohibitions involving blood, etc. It is not that the law is no longer helpful or applicable. It is simply that they were shadows of a greater fulfillment that was to come. That fulfillment has come in Jesus Christ. Every time we read one of these laws it points us to Jesus, and it was supposed to point the original audience to Jesus as well.

While these breakdowns are not explicitly spelled out in the Old Testament. They are honest attempts to deal faithfully with the biblical data. Further, it makes sense that all of these texts would still apply to us in some sense. It is all God's Word after all. This proper method of interpreting said laws allows us to be faithful to the biblical mandates while at the same time recognizing that we live in a different period of biblical redemption. Ceremonial laws no longer apply directly, but every time we read of a scapegoat, sacrifice, or atonement we think of Jesus, just as the law was originally intended. Civil laws no longer apply directly because we are not theocratic Israel, but the principles of equity and justice still apply and these requirements give us an idea of what that looks like. Moral laws still apply mostly directly because God's standards of living for his people are the same forever.

Please recognize that this method of interpretation is not some theological trickery to allow us to pick and choose what laws we would like to keep and which ones we wouldn't. Rather it seeks to interpret each law as it was originally intended and apply consistently those laws to a New Testament framework. This is standard hermeneutics, and if churches would start teaching people how to read their Bibles again then maybe we wouldn't have so many Christians shocked when they hear about these things. Maybe we wouldn't have so many professing believers abandon the faith when they get pressed because nobody ever taught them how to consistently understand all of God's Word.

Which category then does Lev 18:22 and 20:13 fall under? It is quite clearly a moral law. It certainly isn't simply ceremonial, it applies to more than just the priesthood, and is broader for the nation of Israel than just when they are presenting sacrifices. Additionally, it is a capital offense, which is typically more consistent with moral offenses (they also mirror behavior that is unacceptable for NT believers as well under the judgment of NT church discipline up to and including excommunication). The law is likely not civil either. The primary argument for this lies in the fact that gentile Sodom and Gomorra was destroyed for this crime, a group of people clearly outside of the civil realm and authority of theocratic Israel (a community that didn't even exist yet). As such this is a moral command that is still binding upon God's people (and unbelievers as well) today. God clearly identifies homosexuality as a sin with the punishment that those who unrepentantly pursue such behavior will be cut off from their people.

Let us not fall victim to the tactics of the secular humanists. An honest and straightforward reading and understanding of the text reveals that God's moral command against homosexuality is binding for all people everywhere. Where does our ultimate authority lie? Will it be with God and his Word? Or will it be with secular man and what he deems is appropriate behavior? Ultimately, your stance will either be with God and his Word or with man and his opinions, regardless if you try to apply a religious veneer to it after the fact. I hope and pray that we will not feel that we must succumb to the pressure of the unbelieving majority. May God's people stand firmly upon his truth even though the whole world may assail them.

-tanner
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Theology: Is Theistic Evolution a Biblically Viable Position?

8/21/2014

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The issue of evolution is one that is fraught with worldview controlling presuppositions and notions. Attempts have been made to meld an evolutionary scheme with the biblical account of creation, all with great degrees of difficulty. Concessions are made on either side in order to make the two systems of thought fit together. Ultimately the argument boils down to whether one's ultimate and controlling standard will be scientific academia, or the Bible.

First of all, the genre of Genesis must be noted. It is critical to realize that historical narrative is the dominant genre of the Old Testament. This is no different in the book of Genesis, nor in the creation account in particular. While symbolic language is not outside of the realm of historical narrative, it must be recognized that the author of Genesis intends to communicate historically factual information. With that in mind, consider what a straightforward reading of Genesis 1 and 2 would produce. Would the idea that Adam and Eve are simply a select couple of hominids out of many even be among the options that one might consider reading Genesis 1-3 on its own merits? Unless one brought with them to the text the preconceived idea that Adam and Eve were not the sole human beings at the time, one would never conclude this. Now this isn't to say that it is therefore invalid and false, but rather to point out clearly where one's presuppositions lie. Someone who asserts that Adam and Eve are two among many hominids at the time have smuggled their personal bias into the Genesis account of creation. They are determined that the scientific consensus is correct and that therefore the Bible cannot mean what it seems to indicate. Their ultimate and controlling standard is scientific academia.

In addition, consider the vast theological implications of such a perspective. The biblical doctrines of original guilt and justification by faith hinge on the concept of imputation. Specifically, Adam is our covenant head and from him we inherit real guilt. Likewise, Christ is the new Adam and covenant head of all in him and therefore everyone in Christ inherits real righteousness. Our very salvation is tied to Adam as the forerunner and head of all of mankind. If he is simply one of many hominids at the time, how can he legitimately be the representative of all of mankind? In addition, are other hominids made in the image of God, or only Adam's descendents? These questions must be answered if one seeks to maintain a Christian theology while adhering to evolution.

Also a concern theologically is death before the fall. The biblical account insists that death is a result of the fall of Adam and Eve. The fall fundamentally changed the course of history and creation forever. However from the evolutionary worldview death is important mechanism of the machinery that propels life forms forward. If Adam and Eve were only two among many hominids on earth, then natural selection operated using death as an integral aspect long before Adam sinned. Is death an enemy that is finally to be defeated? Was this prehistoric world "very good" in the eyes of God? Again these issues must be dealt with if one decides to maintain both a Christian worldview and evolution simultaneously.

The fundamental issue is the melding of two contrary perspectives on all of life. Evolution and Christianity can no more co-mingle than can oil and water. Make sure that if you want to hold to the Christian perspective, that the authority of Scripture comes before the passing whims and theories of man.

I think that by and large Christians fear looking "unintelligent" to the scientific community. They want to be taken seriously and their ideas to be legitimately considered by all people, academics included. Denying something that is so fundamentally established by the "intellectuals" is perceived as a "Sunday-school" sort of faith where one has to check there brain at the door, OR be simply uneducated to begin with.

I think often times the intentions and motives are good. Christians don't want to place unnecessary stumbling blocks to people coming to Christ. They feel that this issue is outside the realm of "salvation" and therefore a side debate that should not be a hindrance. However, when one comes to Christ unbelievers must surrender all of who they are, intellect included. This not to say Christianity is unintelligent, rather the point is that submitting to Christ as Lord gives him authority in every realm, even my intellect. What you win them with is what you win them to (James White uses this quote a lot). I feel that giving people a pass at this point is a concession too far.

-tanner
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Church History: Blaise PascalĀ and Recreation

8/20/2014

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 What do you think of when you hear the name Blaise Pascal? Perhaps you have never heard the name; that is fortunate because I will tell you a bit about him today. Perhaps you have heard of his famous "wager" argument for believing in God. If you are anything like me, you know of his Scientific and Mathematic achievements rather than his life as a Christian. Regardless, there is a particular aspect of his thought that I believe is especially insightful and helpful for us today. I want to bring your attention to Pascal's thoughts on entertainment and recreation. Before I do that however, let me tell you a bit about him.

Blaise Pascal was born in France in 1623. He lost his mother at the young age of 3, and grew up with his two sisters and father. Pascal showed great academic prowess even in his youth. He grew up during a time period when Rationalistic thought was very strong. The enlightenment thinkers Voltaire and Descartes were some of his contemporaries, and he did not hesitate to interact with their writings. Pascal was also an able scientist, and his "go out and see" style of discovery ran a bit counter to the rationalism of his day; in addition to laying a foundation for the scientific method as we know it. Pascal was neither a rationalist nor and empiricist however. He saw the uses of each, but he recognized that each were to be viewed from within the context of a religious perspective. One of Pascal's most famous quotes betrays his critique of pure rationalism:
The heart has its reasons which reason does not know.1
Not only was a a capable thinker, but Pascal also was an inventor. His father was a tax collector and lawyer, so Pascal set about to invent some sort of machine to help his father tabulate. At age 19 he succeeded at inventing the first functioning calculating machine. He also performed experiments involving vacuums and wrote influential material on the topic. His other various contributions to knowledge include weight and density, probability, the syringe, and hydraulic lift.2

When he was converted however, Pascal's intellect was to be forever redirected. On November 23, 1654 he experienced Christ in a special and salvific way. He described the encounter as follows:
"From about half-past ten in the evening until about half-past twelve … FIRE … God of Abraham, the God of Isaac, the God of Jacob, and not of the philosophers and savants. Certitude. Certitude. Feeling. Joy. Peace."3
Pascal actually recorded this event on a piece of parchment and sewed it inside his favorite jacket, which he kept until he died. Pascal was influenced by the Roman Catholic movement of Jansenism, which was tied closely to the thoughts and ideas of Augustine. Pascal would never be the same. He began to focus much of his attention and thoughts to topics regarding apologetics and theology.

Now, I want to draw your attention to an aspect of Pascal's thinking that I believe is 100x more applicable to us than it was even during his own time, That idea involves entertainment and recreation and its place in the lives of the vast majority of people in American society and culture. Listen to what Pascal had to say during his own day:
The only thing that consoles us for our miseries is diversion, and yet this is the greatest of our miseries. For it is this which principally hinders us from reflecting upon ourselves, and which makes us insensibly ruin ourselves. Without this we should be in a state of weariness, and this weariness would spur us to seek a more solid means of escaping from it. But diversion amuses us, and leads us unconsciously to death.4
I have often contemplated similar motifs, and yet have never been able to state it so clearly as Pascal does here. The first sentence is so insightful. As human beings we all recognize the absurdity and profound vanity of life in a fallen world on some level, and yet how do we deal with that recognition? Pascal says the only thing that consoles us is diversion. Rather than facing the issue and trying to see what it is telling us (hint: it is really supposed to point us to a Savior), we instead drown out all of the feelings with manifold distractions. Yet, this very response that gives us temporary relief becomes to us the bane of our existence. Why? It instead drives us further and further away from the only source of our relief.

As human beings living in the 21st century our anthem has more and more become "working for the weekend." Why do we love weekends so much? It's because that is my time off when I get to do what I want to do, and live how I want to live. What then do 90% of Americans spend this time on? Entertainment and recreation. This perspective speaks volumes about our true passions and desires in life. As a society we are more advanced than ever and yet we spend all of our technology and skills trying to free up more time for us to entertain ourselves. Movies, television series, sports, video games, hobbies, socializing, you name it we do it. Anything we can do to distract ourselves from the real things that matter in life. Anything will do if it will muffle the sounds of our screaming consciences.

Don't get me wrong, entertainment and recreation has its place. However, the spot of #1 most important thing in the world isn't it. We are distracting ourselves to death. Indeed, Satan's most powerful weapon against us is our own passion and desire to deaden our conscience and find some "consolation." Satan distracts us all the way into Hell. Even for genuine believers, Satan distracts us into relatively fruitless walks and lives. We have bought the same lie that he is selling to everyone else, and we consume it just as feverishly.

A contemporary and insightful perspective on this topic comes from a band that I rather enjoy. I leave you with a song that speaks to this very topic. Listen carefully to the lyrics, and gives some serious consideration and prayer to the role that diversions and distractions play in your life.

-tanner

1 Ted Cabal, “Notable Christian Apologist: Blaise Pascal,” in The Apologetics Study Bible: Real Questions, Straight Answers, Stronger Faith, ed. Chad Owen Brand et al. (Nashville, TN: Holman Bible Publishers, 2007), 1243.
2 Mark Galli and Ted Olsen, “Introduction,” 131 Christians Everyone Should Know (Nashville, TN: Broadman & Holman Publishers, 2000), 61.
3 Ibid.
4 Elliot Ritzema, 300 Quotations for Preachers from the Reformation, Pastorum Series (Bellingham, WA: Lexham Press, 2013).
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Evangelism and Apologetics: The Goal of Apologetics

8/19/2014

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Sometimes when we study apologetics often, we feel the need to flex our intellectual muscles and go “looking for a fight.” We want an opportunity to test our new found knowledge and see if it can really stand up under the pressure. However, this type of attitude misunderstands the nature of what apologetics is and seeks to accomplish. Apologetics is never an end it is simply a means to a much greater and more important end.

The foundational verse for the support of engaging in biblical apologetics is found in 1 Peter3:15:
but in your hearts honor Christ the Lord as holy, always being prepared to make a defense to anyone who asks you for a reason for the hope that is in you; yet do it with gentleness and respect
Now this text is important for many aspects of sharing our faith, however I simply want to focus on one thing today. Notice that Peter’s charge is for those who would respond to a question asked of them. Peter says we are to be ready to make a defense, but that very statement assumes that somebody is challenging us or asking us a question. This thought is emphasized with the fact that he adds "anyone who asks" to his charge. The point for us is this: you typically do not lead with apologetics, it is always something that you are ready to do if needed, but it isn’t something that you start with.

What then is our starting point? Our starting point is evangelism. Evangelism is the end that apologetics seeks to serve. Our task is not to assume things about our hearers and answer what we feel are common or typical objections. While that knowledge can help us to prepare a response, our primary task or end is a positive presentation of the gospel message.

It can be helpful to begin your evangelism by recognizing specific areas of the Christian worldview that your audience rejects. Paul exhibited this exact strategy in Acts 17.
So Paul, standing in the midst of the Areopagus, said: “Men of Athens, I perceive that in every way you are very religious. For as I passed along and observed the objects of your worship, I found also an altar with this inscription, ‘To the unknown god.’ What therefore you worship as unknown, this I proclaim to you. The God who made the world and everything in it, being Lord of heaven and earth, does not live in temples made by man, nor is he served by human hands, as though he needed anything, since he himself gives to all mankind life and breath and everything. And he made from one man every nation of mankind to live on all the face of the earth, having determined allotted periods and the boundaries of their dwelling place, that they should seek God, and perhaps feel their way toward him and find him. Yet he is actually not far from each one of us, for

“ ‘In him we live and move and have our being’;

as even some of your own poets have said,

“ ‘For we are indeed his offspring.’

Being then God’s offspring, we ought not to think that the divine being is like gold or silver or stone, an image formed by the art and imagination of man. The times of ignorance God overlooked, but now he commands all people everywhere to repent, because he has fixed a day on which he will judge the world in righteousness by a man whom he has appointed; and of this he has given assurance to all by raising him from the dead.”
Note that Paul is primarily wrapped up in positively proclaiming the gospel. He doesn’t spend extensive time philosophizing and providing his opponents with proofs. He proclaims the God that they did not know. Paul’s evangel is tailored to the group he is dealing with to be sure, but he is not engaged in responding at this point. Paul does not spend time trying to prove the existence of his God to these Athenians, nor does he attempt to argue with them about their polytheism. Paul’s message is the message of repentance and faith toward the one true God of the universe, a positive proclamation of the truth. Rest assured, if somebody objected to Paul or questioned him, he would gladly reason with them, but he doesn’t start there.

Apologetics is a fantastic field of study. It has many riches for us as believers in addition to providing a reasoned defense of the faith to deal with unbelievers. However, we must always remember that apologetics is merely the servant of evangelism. Our passionate defense of the faith should always begin with a positive and bold proclamation of that faith as THE truth.

This recognition also furnishes us with insight as to the goal of apologetics. The goal is not to win an argument. Rather, the goal is the conversion of the hearers. We should be employing every means and attitude we can to the end that those who have ears to hear might be found out. Now, there is value in the vindication of God’s word over against its detractors to be sure. We should not distort our evangel or apologetic because we think it will be more palatable. However that does not change the fact that our aim is to save souls, and that work is done by the Spirit of God. May we study and employ apologetics prayerfully, that God would see fit to use it to the saving of many souls.

-tanner
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Devotional Thoughts: Profiting from the Word with Watson

8/18/2014

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One of the most basic spiritual disciplines for us to master as believers is the reading of God's Word. The Bible is full of wisdom and truth; and as followers of God, it is incumbent upon us to learn and apply that truth. Disciplining ourselves is only half of the battle. How many times have you begun reading the Bible only to find that halfway through, you aren't absorbing any of it? You see, the discipline of reading God's Word is like training hard for a big athletic event. You can feign like you are working hard to get the coach off of your back, or you can really push yourself to make sure that you are top shape. Ultimately you get out of it what you put into it.

I want to expound today on not simply the act of reading God's Word, but how to do it with greater benefit. On this topic of profiting from the Word, I ran across a sermon by Thomas Watson. Spurgeon described Watson as one of the most readable of the puritans. This sermon is no exception, as Watson speaks with insight and clarity on how to read God's Word effectively. Watson gives 23 instructions for how to read God's Word more profitably. I was absolutely struck with how poignant many of Watson's points are during the message. I will focus on two of my favorites here.
DIRECTION I. If you would profit by reading, remove those things which will hinder your profiting. . . .
Take heed of the thorns which will choke the word read.—These thorns our Saviour expounds to be “the cares of this world.” (Matt. 13:22.) By “cares” is meant covetousness.‡ A covetous man is a pluralist; he hath such diversity of secular employments, that he can scarce find time to read; or if he doth, what solecisms doth he commit in reading! While his eye is upon the Bible, his heart is upon the world; it is not the writings of the apostles he is so much taken with, as the writings in his account-book. Is this man likely to profit? You may as soon extract oils and syrups out of a flint, as he any real benefit out of scripture.1
How insightful is this directive! Even during the time of the Puritans, there were distractions that kept people from getting into God's Word. Watson speaks to having a "diversity of secular employments." I know for myself, my several hobbies often call to me more sweetly than does the Word of the Lord. It takes effort and intensity to stave them off. However, once I do get into my Bible, is my mind committed to the task? "While his eye is upon the Bible, his heart is upon the world." How often when reading have you been distracted thinking about something else and completely didn't understand  a word you read? Oh, beloved, how we must take great care to remove those things that would prevent us from profiting, both physically, and mentally.
DIRECT. V. Get a right understanding of scripture.—“Give me understanding, that I may learn thy commandments.” (Psalm 119:73.) Though there are some δυσνοητα, knots in scripture, which are not easily untied; yet things essential to salvation the Holy Ghost hath plainly pointed out to us. The knowledge of the sense of scripture is the first step to profiting. In the law Aaron was first to light the lamps, and then to burn the incense: the lamp of the understanding must be first lighted, before the affections can be inflamed. Get what knowledge you can by comparing scriptures, by conferring with others, by using the best annotators. Without knowledge, the scripture is a sealed book; every line is too high for us; and if the word shoot above our head, it can never hit our heart.2
When Philip met the Ethiopian eunuch, he asked him if he understood what he is reading. The eunuch responded, "how can I unless someone guides me?" The Bible is not some mystical book that functions like a magic 8-ball. The Bible contains propositional truth about God written within a certain context and perspective. As such, it takes practice, study, and care to understand the Bible properly. Not all interpretations are equally valid.

Imagine if I were to interrupt a heart surgery and tell the surgeon my opinion of the operation and what needed to be done. Will the doctor stop and say "You know, this man's interpretation of the situation is true as well, let's take it into account as we continue." That would be absurd. We so often take this approach in our Bible Studies, however! It ought not to be the case. We should take great pains and care to make sure that we are understanding the word correctly. Fortunately, in our day we have more tools and helps at our disposal than any previous generation. With a good Study Bible, Systematic Theology, basic instruction in Hermeneutics, and perhaps a commentary, every Christian in our society and age can easily become thoroughly equipped. Make sure that you do so that your reading may be profitable to you.

-tanner

1 James Nichols, Puritan Sermons, vol. 2 (Wheaton, IL: Richard Owen Roberts, Publishers, 1981), 59.
2 Ibid, 60-61.

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